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2025-07-222025-08-13专栏KubernetesKubernetes
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Rancher高可用集群部署 原创 ​

一、Rancher 安装 ​

1、Rancher HA 架构

e4b2fa3db1e714ff6a21cc6f6a24c60b MD5

iphostname功能
172.16.0.101rancher-master-1etcd、k8s master
172.16.0.102rancher-master-2etcd、k8s master
172.16.0.103rancher-master-3etcd、k8s master
172.16.0.104rancehr-worker-1k8s worker
172.16.0.105rancehr-worker-2k8s worker
172.16.0.106rancehr-worker-3k8s worker
172.16.0.107负载均衡器

2、对应节点分别配置主机名

bash
hostnamectl set-hostname rancher-master-1
hostnamectl set-hostname rancher-master-2
hostnamectl set-hostname rancher-master-3
hostnamectl set-hostname rancher-worker-1
hostnamectl set-hostname rancher-worker-2
hostnamectl set-hostname rancher-worker-3

3、分别配置每台主机的 hosts(/etc/hosts),添加 host_ip $hostname 到/etc/hosts 文件中。

bash
172.16.0.101 rancher-master-1
172.16.0.102 rancher-master-2
172.16.0.103 rancher-master-3
172.16.0.104 rancher-worker-1
172.16.0.104 rancher-worker-2
172.16.0.104 rancher-worker-3

4、关闭防火墙

bash
systemctl stop firewalld.service && systemctl disable firewalld.service

5、关闭 SeLinux

bash
sudo sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

6、内核性能调优：

bash
cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf<<EOF
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1
vm.swappiness=0
vm.max_map_count=655360
EOF

sysctl --system

7、禁用 swap

bash
swapoff -a && sed -i '/ swap / s/^\(.*\)$/#\1/g' /etc/fstab

8、安装 docker、配置容器目录、镜像加速地址等。

bash
https://www.rancher.cn/docs/rancher/v2.x/cn/install-prepare/basic-environment-configuration/

9、添加一个新的用户以创建 rke 集群：

bash
groupadd docker
useradd rancher -G docker
echo "gl2Hfc^JEF" | passwd --stdin rancher

10、从 172.16.0.101 配置免密登录到其他节点

bash
su - rancher
ssh-keygen
ssh-copy-id rancher@172.16.0.101
ssh-copy-id rancher@172.16.0.102
ssh-copy-id rancher@172.16.0.103
ssh-copy-id rancher@172.16.0.104
ssh-copy-id rancher@172.16.0.105
ssh-copy-id rancher@172.16.0.106

11、在 172.16.0.101 安装 rke、kubectl、helm

bash
su root
sudo wget https://www.cnrancher.com/download/rke/v0.2.2-rke_linux-amd64
sudo wget https://www.cnrancher.com/download/kubernetes/linux-amd64-v1.13.6-kubectl
sudo wget https://www.cnrancher.com/download/helm/helm-v2.14.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
sudo cp v0.2.2-rke_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/rke
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/rke
sudo cp linux-amd64-v1.13.6-kubectl /usr/bin/kubectl
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/kubectl
sudo tar -xvf helm-v2.14.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
sudo mv linux-amd64/helm /usr/bin/helm
sudo mv linux-amd64/tiller /usr/bin/tiller
sudo rm -rf  linux-amd64/

12、在 172.16.0.101 创建 rancher 集群配置文件:

bash
su - rancher

cat > rancher-cluster.yml << EOF
nodes:
  - address: 172.16.0.101
    user: rancher
    role: [controlplane,etcd]
  - address: 172.16.0.102
    user: rancher
    role: [controlplane,etcd]
  - address: 172.16.0.103
    user: rancher
    role: [controlplane,etcd]
  - address: 172.16.0.104
    user: rancher
    role: [worker]
  - address: 172.16.0.105
    user: rancher
    role: [worker]
  - address: 172.16.0.106
    user: rancher
    role: [worker]

services:
  etcd:
    snapshot: true
    creation: 6h
    retention: 24h
EOF

13、在 172.16.0.101 上启动 rke 集群

bash
rke up --config ./rancher-cluster.yml

14、增删节点、修改 12 中的配置文件，执行 13 中的命令

15、在 172.16.0.101 配置环境变量：

bash
su - root
echo export KUBECONFIG=/home/rancher/kube_config_rancher-cluster.yml  >>  /etc/profile
source /etc/profile

16、在 172.16.0.101 配置 kubectl 命令补全

bash
echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc
su - rancher
echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

17、在 172.16.0.101 配置 Helm 客户端访问权限

bash
kubectl -n kube-system create serviceaccount tiller
kubectl create clusterrolebinding tiller --clusterrole cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:tiller

18、在 172.16.0.101 安装 Helm 客户端

bash
helm init --service-account tiller  --tiller-image registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/tiller:v2.14.0 --stable-repo-url https://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/charts

18、在 172.16.0.101 添加 Chart 仓库地址

bash
helm repo add rancher-stable https://releases.rancher.com/server-charts/stable

19、使用权威 CA 机构颁发的证书安装 rancher-server

（1）、创建 secret

bash
kubectl create namespace cattle-system
kubectl -n cattle-system \
create secret tls tls-rancher-ingress \
--cert=./cartechfin.com.pem \
--key=./cartechfin.com.key

（2）、在 172.16.0.101 上使用 helm 安装 rancher-server，域名为 financial-k8s.coolops.cn

bash
helm install rancher-stable/rancher \
--name rancher \
--namespace cattle-system \
--set hostname=financial-k8s.coolops.cn \
--set ingress.tls.source=secret

20、配置负载均衡，使用四层负载将 ingress 节点 80、443 端口配置到负载均衡，并将域名 financial-k8s.coolops.cn 解析到负载均衡外网 IP。

二、其他设置 ​

1、Ingress-NginX 传递自定义 header：

yaml
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: nginx-configuration
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app: ingress-nginx
data:
  enable-underscores-in-headers: "true"

2、配置集群内部使用内网域名访问（非必须）

bash
$ kubectl -n cattle-system patch  daemonsets cattle-node-agent --patch '{
    "spec": {
        "template": {
            "spec": {
                "hostAliases": [
                    {
                        "hostnames":
                        [
                            "financial-k8s.coolops.cn"
                        ],
                            "ip": "172.16.0.107"
                    }
                ]
            }
        }
    }
}'
$ kubectl -n cattle-system patch  deployments cattle-cluster-agent --patch '{
    "spec": {
        "template": {
            "spec": {
                "hostAliases": [
                    {
                        "hostnames":
                        [
                            "financial-k8s.coolops.cn"
                        ],
                            "ip": "172.16.0.107"
                    }
                ]
            }
        }
    }
}'
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