CBV

CBV：class base view，也就是类视图。如下形式：

from django.views import View


class AddClass(View):

    ## get请求
    def get(self, request):
        return render(request, "add_class.html")

	## post请求
    def post(self, request):
        class_name = request.POST.get("class_name")
        models.Classes.objects.create(name=class_name)
        return redirect("/class_list/")

注意：

使用 CBV 时，urls.py 中也做对应的修改：

## urls.py中
url(r'^add_class/$', views.AddClass.as_view()),

CBV 加装饰器

## 装饰器
def check_login(func):
    @wraps(func)
    def inner(request, *args, **kwargs):
        ## 获取cookie
        get_cookie = request.get_signed_cookie("is_login", salt="login", default=None)
        next_url = request.path_info
        if get_cookie == "123":
            return func(request, *args, **kwargs)
        else:
            return redirect("/login/?next={}".format(next_url))
    return inner
class LoginView(View):

    def get(self, request):
        """
        处理GET请求
        """
        return render(request, 'login.html')

    def post(self, request):
        """
        处理POST请求
        """
        user = request.POST.get('user')
        pwd = request.POST.get('pwd')
        if user == 'alex' and pwd == "alex1234":
            next_url = request.GET.get("next")
            ## 生成随机字符串
            ## 写浏览器cookie -> session_id: 随机字符串
            ## 写到服务端session：
            ## {
            ##     "随机字符串": {'user':'alex'}
            ## }
            request.session['user'] = user
            if next_url:
                return redirect(next_url)
            else:
                return redirect('/index/')
        return render(request, 'login.html')

要在 CBV 视图中使用我们上面的 check_login 装饰器，有以下三种方式：

1. 加在 CBV 视图的 get 或 post 方法上

from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator


class HomeView(View):

    def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return super(HomeView, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def get(self, request):
        return render(request, "home.html")

    @method_decorator(check_login)
    def post(self, request):
        print("Home View POST method...")
        return redirect("/index/")

2. 加在 dispatch 方法上

from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator


class HomeView(View):

    @method_decorator(check_login)
    def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return super(HomeView, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def get(self, request):
        return render(request, "home.html")

    def post(self, request):
        print("Home View POST method...")
        return redirect("/index/")

因为 CBV 中首先执行的就是 dispatch 方法，所以这么写相当于给 get 和 post 方法都加上了登录校验。

3. 直接加在视图类上，但 method_decorator 必须传 name 关键字参数

## 如果get方法和post方法都需要登录校验的话就写两个装饰器。
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator

@method_decorator(check_login, name="get")
@method_decorator(check_login, name="post")
class HomeView(View):

    def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return super(HomeView, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def get(self, request):
        return render(request, "home.html")

    def post(self, request):
        print("Home View POST method...")
        return redirect("/index/")

CSRF 在 CBV 上使用

CSRF Token 相关装饰器在 CBV 只能加到 dispatch 方法上，或者加在视图类上然后 name 参数指定为 dispatch 方法。

备注：

• csrf_protect，为当前函数强制设置防跨站请求伪造功能，即便 settings 中没有设置全局中间件。
• csrf_exempt，取消当前函数防跨站请求伪造功能，即便 settings 中设置了全局中间件。

from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt, csrf_protect
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator


class HomeView(View):

    @method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
    def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return super(HomeView, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def get(self, request):
        return render(request, "home.html")

    def post(self, request):
        print("Home View POST method...")
        return redirect("/index/")

或者

from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt, csrf_protect
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator


@method_decorator(csrf_exempt, name='dispatch')
class HomeView(View):

    def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return super(HomeView, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def get(self, request):
        return render(request, "home.html")

    def post(self, request):
        print("Home View POST method...")
        return redirect("/index/")

FBV

FBV：Function Base View，基于函数的视图

例如：

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, redirect
from orm import models
from utils.mypage import Page
from functools import wraps
from django.views import View
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator

## Create your views here.


## 装饰器
def check_login_status(func):
    @wraps(func)
    def inner(request, *args, **kwargs):
        ## 获取cookie
        get_cookie = request.session.get("is_login")
        next_url = request.path_info
        if get_cookie == "123":
            return func(request, *args, **kwargs)
        else:
            return redirect("/app02/login/?next={}".format(next_url))
    return inner


def login(request):
    """用户登录"""
    if request.method == "POST":
        user = request.POST.get("username")
        pwd = request.POST.get("password")
        ## 获取跳转url
        next_url = request.GET.get("next")
        check_username = models.Userinfo.objects.filter(username=user)
        if check_username:
            if pwd == check_username[0].password:
                if next_url:
                    ret = redirect("{}".format(next_url))
                else:
                    ret = redirect("/app02/home/")
                ## 设置session
                request.session["is_login"] = "123"
                return ret
    return render(request, "app02/login.html")


@check_login_status
def home(request):
    return render(request, "app02/home.html")